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Registros recuperados: 149
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Digestibilité de l'algue Skeletonema costatum par la palourde japonaise Ruditapes philippinarum : éléments d'optimisation appliqués à la vénériculture intensive en marais ArchiMer
Sauriau, Pierre-guy; IFREMER - Laboratoire Ecosystèmes Conchylicoles (LEC) La Tremblade; ECOCEAN - Environnement Littoral & Marin La Rochelle.
Le présent rapport se scinde en trois volets. le premier expose la genèse de l'application à l'aquaculture intensive d'une technique employée en agriculture intensive. Le second volet s'attache à comparer les résultats des calculs de taux de digestibilité acquis, d'une part, in vitro sous des conditions de débit circulant et de type nourriture variables et, d'autre part, in situ par prélèvement des palourdes directement dans le système d'élevage. Enfin le dernier volet contient l'analyse des la distribution spatiales des colonies algales de Skeletonema costatum dans une claire ostréicole expérimentale.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Vénériculture; Marais; Algue; Skeletonema costatum; Digestion; Ruditapes philippinarum; Bivalvia.
Ano: 1991 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00144/25476/23629.pdf
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Diseases of cultured molluscs in Australia ArchiMer
Lester, R.
Three mollusc species are cultured commercially in Australian tropical and warm temperate waters: the Sydney rock oyster Saccostrea commercialis , the pearl rock oyster is susceptible to two protozoans: Marteilia sydneyi , which is the cause of QX Disease and infects oysters during the summer; and Mikrocytos roughleyi which is associated with winter mortality. It also harbours mudworm, Polydora websteri a parasite farmers try to avoid by growing oysters on racks. Transported pearl oysters Pinctada maxima die with heavy infections of Vibrio harveyi . Cultured giant clams Tridacna gigas are pestered by pyramidellid snails and some carry Perkinsus sp., a protozoan common in reef bivalves. Deaths in mollusc hatcheries have been associated with Vibrio tubiashi...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Protozoa; Alteromonas; Vibrio tubiashi; Perkinsus; Vibrio harveyi; Polydora websteri; Mikrocytos roughleyi; Saccostrea commercialis; Pinctada maxima; Tridacna gigas; Bivalvia; Parasites; Mortality; Pearl culture; Infectious diseases; Parasitic diseases.
Ano: 1989 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/acte-1468.pdf
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Distribuição sazonal e reprodução de Neocorbicula limosa (Maton) (Bivalvia, Corbiculidae) no Lago Guaíba, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil Zoologia
Focht,Teimo; Veitenheimer-Mendes,Inga L..
Neocorbicula limosa (Maton, 1811) is the only species of that South American genus that occurs in the hydrographic basins of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Seasonal quantitative collections between 1995 and 1996 in the lake Guaiba were accomplished, with the aim to know the reproductive dynamics and environmental preferences of populations of N. limosa. A substratum constituted by medium to coarse sands at an 'average depth around 2m shown to be favorable to installation of population of N. limosa. The largest population density (2.496 ind./m²) was registered in summer. Embryos at various development phases were registered inside individuals. The shell sizes of these individuals started from 8mm in length. The embryo's size could reach ¼ of the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Bivalvia; Corbiculidae; Neocorbicula limosa; Guaíba Lake; Southern Brazil; Seasonal Observation.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81752001000100002
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Dix ans de production en ecloserie de mollusques bivalves ArchiMer
Leborgne, Y.
SATMAR has developed techniques and methods allowing a production of over 100 million spat per year at a size from 2 to 10 millimetres. Among the 13 species concerned by this production, 3 of major importance are the oysters Crassostrea gigas, Ostrea edulis and the Japanese little neck clam, Ruditapes philippinarum . The hatchery production could easily be doubled if the market would increase. Current research tend to increase the quality of the products by means of genetics and to lower the costs by improving the nursery phase.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Ruditapes philippinarum; Ostrea edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Bivalvia; Costs; Marine aquaculture; Economics; Hatcheries; Aquaculture enterprises; Ecloserie; Production commerciale; Mollusques bivalves.
Ano: 1983 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/acte-1184.pdf
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Dynamique et enzymologie de la digestion chez l'huitre Crassostrea gigas ArchiMer
Boucaud, C; Lebesnerais, C; Lubet, P; Lihrmann, I.
Feeding experiments carried out on Crassostrea gigas allowed the authors to set up the stages and the timing of the movement of food throughout the digestive tract. Various activities involved in digestion (glycosidases, esterases, and peptidases) were investigated histochemically in the digestive tract in order to localize the sites of absorption and the sites of protein and carbohydrate digestion. An explicative model of the different stages of digestion is proposed.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Bivalvia; Cytology; Histochemistry; Histology; Digestive system; Enzymatic activity; Digestive glands; Digestion; Enzymes; Transit digestif; Digestion; Huitre; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1983 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/acte-1179.pdf
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Ecosystemes benthiques profonds et chimiosynthese bacterienne: Sources hydrothermales et suintements ArchiMer
Laubier, Lucien.
Hydrothermal communities of various species compositions have been described from the eastern and western Pacific and Atlantic. Brine and cold seeps and hydrocarbon seepages have been found off Florida, off the Oregon and Japanese subduction systems, on the Laurentian Fan, near Barbados, and off Louisiana. Biomasses range from 10 to 70 kg/m super(2), fresh weight. Basic microdistribution of species groups in aureoles centered around hydrothermal vents reveals different levels of adaptation to harsh physico-chemical conditions. Two groups of primary producers can be recognized: a highly efficient cool water group with large vestimentiferan tube worms and bivalves, and alvinellid polychaetes adapted to hot waters. Both groups are exploited by specific...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Bivalvia; Polychaeta; Bacteria; Symbionts; Biosynthesis; Chemosynthesis; Food webs; Biomass; Hydrocarbons; Ecosystems; Hydrothermal springs; Seepages; Brines; Benthic environment; Benthos.
Ano: 1990 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1990/acte-1171.pdf
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Effect du Vibrio P1, pathogene de Ruditapes philippinarum , sur d'autres especes de bivalves ArchiMer
Maes, P; Paillard, C.
The symptom which characterizes the brown ring disease (BRD) in Manilla clam Ruditapes philippinarum has been observed in other Bivalvia species (Veneridae and Pectinidae). Vibrio P1, responsible of the BRD in R. philippinarum , has been detected in other Veneridae which were carrying the symptom. In mussel and oysters which are cultivated in Europe, the symptom has never been reported and Vibrio P1 has not been detected. Experimental contaminations of bivalves of commercial interest with the pathogen showed a clear Vibrio P1 sensitivity of European clam R. decussatus ; this latter seems however to be less sensitive than the Manilla clam.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Ruditapes philippinarum; Bivalvia; Diseases; Marine molluscs; Pathology; Vibriosis.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-926.pdf
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Effect of ionizing radiation onVibrio bacteria in Crassostrea virginica (American oyster) ArchiMer
Eberiel, D; Dooley, K; Langton, L; Malleth, J.
The presence of Vibrio bacteria in raw shellfish poses a significant health hazard to the consuming public. These human pathogens are natural, seasonal components of the microbial flora of shellfish which can result in primary septicemic or diarrheal fatal infections. Existing shellfish depuration neither targets nor eliminates the Vibrio bacteria. For this reason, additional purification processes are necessary. In this study, the effect of low dose gamma radiation on the inactivation ofVibrio cholerae (01 and non 01) and vulnificus is investigated. Log decrement (D10) values ranging only to a high of 0.09 KGy in the Vibrio strains support the hypothesis that food irradiation technology can provide an additional effective and efficient shellfish...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: USA Coasts; USA; Vibrio vulnificus; Vibrio cholerae; Crassostrea virginica; Bivalvia; Vibrio; Bacteria; Self purification; Marine molluscs; Irradiation; Gamma radiation; Ionizing radiation; Oyster culture.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1619.pdf
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Effects of temperature abuse on survival ofVibrio vulnificus in oysters ArchiMer
Murphy, S; Oliver, J.
Of the several bacterial diseases which may result from consumption of shellfish, those caused by marine bacteria of the genus Vibrio are the most abundant. In the United States, up to 10,000 non-fatal cases per year are estimated to be caused by the various members of this genus. More than 95% of all deaths in the United States which result from seafood consumption are caused by a single bacterium, Vibrio vulnificus. The bacterium is a normal inhabitant of estuarine waters, and occurs naturally in especially high numbers in molluscan shellfish. Infections following consuption of raw or undercooked shellfish, especially oysters, result in fatality rates of over 60%. Because most oysters in the United States are transported large distances before marketing,...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: USA Coasts; Vibrio cholerae; Vibrio vulnificus; Crassostrea virginica; Bivalvia; Bacteria; Temperature effects; Food technology; Fish poisoning; Oyster culture.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1622.pdf
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El Género Nodipecten Dall (Bivalvia, Pectinidae) en el Neógeno de la Patagonia (Argentina) Ameghiniana
del Río,Claudia J..
El registro más antiguo del género Nodipecten Dall corresponde al Mioceno temprano alto, momento durante el cual tuvo, de acuerdo al registro fosilífero conocido hasta el momento, una distribución discontinua sobre el litoral atlántico occidental, registrándoselo en Patagonia y en la región caribeña. A fines del Mioceno medio se extinguió en Patagonia y desde entonces permaneció restringido a las latitudes tropicales del continente americano hasta hoy, expandiéndose al área tropical del Pacífico oriental en el Mioceno tardío. Su asociación a taxones paratropicales en Patagonia indica el desarrollo de aguas cálido-templadas en la región, reflejando el Óptimo Climático del Neógeno y su extinción en la región y su retracción a latitudes tropicales coincidió...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Terciario; Mioceno; Mollusca; Bivalvia; Pectinidae; Nodipecten; Lyropecten; Patagonia.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0002-70142006000400009
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Ennemis et maladies des huîtres ArchiMer
Nedelec, Claude.
Une huître d'un an produit environ 100.000 larves; une de 2 ans près de 250.000 larves; une de 3 ans entre 700.000 et 800.000 et une huître de plus de 3 ans : un million en moyenne. Le nombre de larves libérées chaque année par un seul banc d'huîtres se chiffre ainsi par milliards (R. Ph. Dollfus). Mais beaucoup, parmi ces jeunes larves nageuses, sont la proie d'animaux planctoniques; un grand nombre d'entre elles sont entraînées au large, sont tuées et ne se fixent pas.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Huîtres; Bivalvia; Maladies; Remède; Ennemis.
Ano: 1953 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00003/11471/8030.pdf
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Essais de decontamination des huitres Crassostrea gigas en bassin par renouvellement et circulation de l''eau ArchiMer
Faury, Nicole; Masson, Daniel; Ratiskol, Jacqueline.
The germs decreasing of artificially contaminated oysters Crassostrea gigas has been studied in experimental tanks similar to a shellfish depuration plant, without any chemical or physical water treatment. The oyster were treated by three different water management pattern, compared to a control tank and the germs decreasing studied by MPN method of fecal Coliforms and Streptococus. As a result: 1) it appaears somewhat difficult to conclude in this first attempt about the most efficient treatment. 2) the most important factor in shellfish depuration working is obviously the physiological activity (and stage) of the animals.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Bivalvia; Methodology; Raceway culture; Recirculating systems; Water management; Oyster fisheries; Marine molluscs; Shellfish; Tanks; Self purification.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1611.pdf
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Estrutura fina do espermatozóide de Tagelus plebeius (Lightfoot) (Mollusca, Bivalvia) do litoral norte do Brasil Zoologia
Matos,Edilson; Matos,Patrícia; Casal,Graça; Azevedo,Carlos.
It is described the sperm ultraestructure differentiation during spermiogenesis of Tagelus plebeius (Lightfoot, 1786). The spermatozoon is an uniflagellated cell of the primitive type. The head region contains a rounded or conical nucleus surrounded by acrosome. The middle piece contains four mitochondria which are arranged around the axoneme. The flagellum contains the usual microtubular axoneme.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Mollusca; Bivalvia; Tagelus plebeius; Ultrastructure; Spermatozoa.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81751997000300010
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Etude cytologique de la gamétogenèse, de la sex-ratio et du cycle de reproduction chez l'huître perlière Pinctada margaritifera (L) var. cumingii (Jameson), (mollusques, bivalves). Comparaison avec le cycle de Pinctada maculata (Gould) ArchiMer
Thielley, Maryse.
The population of Pinctada margaritifera and Pinctada maculata lay eggs throughout the year. Temperature variations induce huge but asynchronous laying. Preferential periods of gonad maturity correspond to the season changings in both species. However. some differences between the two specics are noticed. Both species are protandric hermaphrodites. Female condition is unstable: a reversion to the male condition may be observed and is probably linked with stress. The average size for the first sexual maturation as weil as for sexual conversion are specified in P. margaritifera. The breeding conditions induce modifications in some reproductive cycle processes (maturation, sex-ratio). Some conditions suitable for reproduction may become unfavorable to...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Gamétogenèse; Cycle de reproduction; Sex-ratio; Pinctad margaritifera; Mollusque; Bivalve; Huître perlière; Gametogenesis; Reproductive cycle; Sex-ratio; Pinctada margaritifera; Mollusca; Bivalvia; Pearl oyster.
Ano: 1993 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00440/55208/56677.pdf
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Etude des facteurs environnementaux intervenant sur la production de la palourde japonaise d'élevage Ruditapes philippinarum ArchiMer
Goulletquer, Philippe.
Les populations d'élevage de Ruditapes philippinarum présentent des disparités de croissance et de mortalité en fonction des secteurs océaniques ou estuariens à Marennes-Oléron. Les mortalités hivernales sont associées à des productions somatiques négatives, en particulier en zone estuarienne, où les teneurs en seston minéral sont élevées (70 mg.1-1). L'étude écophysiologique montre une baisse de la digestibilité de la nourriture parallèlement à l'augmentation de sa teneur minérale. Les productions négatives résultent d'une nourriture assimilée en quantité inférieure au seuil de rendement nul de croissance (2.J.h- 1). Les productions somatiques et gamétiques de l'animal sont déterminées par le temps d'émersion. Une diminution de celui-ci induit une...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Estimation nourriture; Capacité trophique; Estimation production; Mortalité; Ecophysiologie; Relation trophique; Bivalvia; Ruditapes philippinarum; Facteurs environnementaux.
Ano: 1989 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00098/20926/18535.pdf
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Etude ecophysiologique de quelques mollusques bivalves ArchiMer
Riva, A; Masse, H.
Using an experimental flowing system, the filtration rate of Mytilus galloprovincialis, Ostrea edulis, Ruditapes decussatus and Ruditapes aureus has been measured by an indirect technique under Mediterranean thermal conditions in coastal open sea. The oxygen consumption and excretion rate of ammonia have been estimated and influence of temperature and salinity tested for M. galloprovincialis . The results are discussed and compared to literature data.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Ruditapes decussatus; Ostrea edulis; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Bivalvia; Respiration; Excretion; Oxygen consumption; Water filtration; Ecophysiology; Méditerranéee; Excrétion; Respiration; Filtration; Bivalves.
Ano: 1983 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/acte-1177.pdf
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Etude experimentale de la maturation ovocytaire chez Pecten maximus et Crassostrea gigas (Mollusca, Bivalvia) ArchiMer
Widowati, L; Cochard, Jean-claude; Dorange, G; Le Pennec, M.
To date, it has been impossible to fertilize the oocytes of ripe Pecten maximus obtained by gonad stripping as it is routinely done in hatchery with Crassostrea gigas . The events occurring between artificial induction of spawning and normal fertilization were studied experimentally in order to explain this difference. Fertilization and rearing trials were performed on oocytes obtained from the gonads of both species by scarification, by aspiration from genital ducts (of P. maximus only) and after spawning. Every batch of oocytes was fixed for histological study. Serial sections of the gonad of a fixed spawning P. maximus were made to reveal modifications of the nucleus of the oocytes during their expulsion. In P. maximus the stripped oocytes can be...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Pecten maximus; Bivalvia; Marine molluscs; Animal reproductive organs; Larvae; Fecundity; Experimental research; Spawning; Sexual maturity.
Ano: 1991 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/acte-1632.pdf
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Etude experimentale preliminaire sur les echanges gazeux chez Pinna nobilis ArchiMer
Vicente, N; Riva, A; Butler, A.
Breathing exchanges of Pinna nobilis L. are studied in situ and in the laboratory with two methods. First method consist in introducing samples of Pinna under a 40l plexiglass bell equipped with haps. The bell is positionned by diving. The consumption of oxygen is observed with water samples and the oxygen concentration is measured with an electronic oxymeter. Experiments which are carried out during nycthemeral cycles are reproduced in the laboratory with the same type of bell. A second method carry into effect an apparatus more sophisticated, who put into circulation a current of water in an airtight thermostated cellule, where a specimen of young Pinna is introduced. This sample is gradually adaptated to the conditions of the medium. Breathing...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Pinna nobilis; Bivalvia; Temperature; Metabolism; Oxygen consumption; Experimental research; Breathing mixtures; Marine molluscs.
Ano: 1991 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/acte-1761.pdf
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Etude histoensymologique de la digestion chez Ruditapes philippinarum ArchiMer
Hily, A.
Examinations of alimentary tract and digestive tubules after feeding give evidence of continuous digestive process in juveniles of Ruditapes philippinarum . Histoenzymologic study of digestive tract suggests important intracellular enzymatic activities in stomacal epithelium, digestive gland and intestinal cells. Main part of intracellular digestion occurred in digestive cells by lysosyme associated with vacuolar system.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Ruditapes philippinarum; Bivalvia; Digestive system; Enzymatic activity; Histology; Digestive glands; Digestion; Enzymes digestives; Digestion; Bivalve.
Ano: 1983 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/acte-1180.pdf
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Étude prospective de l'exploitation des coquillages au large des côtes d'Aquitaine Volet : Ressources et première approche économique ArchiMer
Caill-milly, Nathalie; Duclercq, Benoit; Morandeau, Gilles; De Casamajor, Marie-noelle.
Introduction: With the objective of diversifying current fishing and at the request of professionals in Aquitaine, the Regional Commission of Maritime Fishing and Marine Breeding (CRPMEM) of Aquitaine has started a discussion about the possibilities of opening a shellfishery. In the context of this course of action, and because of the absence of information on the presence and size of the resource, the CRPMEM of Aquitaine asked IFREMER's Halieutic Resources Laboratory of Aquitaine (LRHA) for assistance in acquiring information on the subject. At the same time, a prospective analysis study of the exploitation of shellfish off the coast of Aquitaine—regulation and business section—was performed by the CRPMEM of Aquitaine (Coiffec, 2006). At that same time,...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: France; North east atlantic; Aquitaine coasts; Fleet; Geographical zones; Sampling; Bivalvia; Shellfish fisheries.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/rapport-2217.pdf
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